各国儿童安全座椅规定
多数国家要求儿童在达到一定年龄、身高或体重前使用安全座椅。最大差异在于后向乘坐的时长：瑞典要求约 4 岁，而许多地区仅建议到 15 个月。出行前请核实当地现行法规。
| 国家 | 后向乘坐规定 | 增高垫/身高年龄规定 | 备注 |
|---|---|---|---|
| United States | Rear-facing to at least age 2 (longer if the seat allows) | Booster until the seat belt fits, about age 8–12 or 145 cm | Laws vary by state; the back seat is safest for under 13 |
| United Kingdom | Rear-facing advised to 15 months (i-Size); not legally required | Child seat until 12 years or 135 cm tall | Backless boosters banned for under-3; front-seat use restricted |
| Germany | Rear-facing advised; restraint required under 12 and under 150 cm | Booster / seat until 150 cm or age 12 | Must use UN-approved (ECE) restraints |
| Sweden | Rear-facing until at least age 4 (often to 5–6) | Child seat until 135 cm; booster after rear-facing | Among the strictest rear-facing norms in the world |
| France | Rear-facing advised to 15 months; seat required under 10 | Child restraint until 10 years or 150 cm | Children under 10 barred from front seat if rear seats free |
| Australia | Rear-facing to at least 6 months (12 months advised) | Approved restraint to age 7, then booster if under 145 cm | Type-approved seats only; rules set per state |
| Japan | Infant rear-facing until about 1 year / 10 kg | Child seat required under 6; booster not separately mandated | Law requires restraint for children under 6 |
| South Korea | Infant rear-facing until about 1 year / 9 kg | Child seat required under 6; booster not separately mandated | Fine if an under-6 child is unrestrained |
| China | Infant rear-facing; restraint required under 4 (varies by city) | Booster / seat advised for ages 4–12 | National standard GB 27887; local laws differ |
| Singapore | Infant rear-facing to about 6 months / 10 kg | Restraint required under 1.35 m (roughly age 8–12) | Children under 1.35 m cannot use an adult belt alone |
说明
- 规定常有差异并会变化；本表仅为概览，非法律建议。
- 后向乘坐对幼儿头颈更安全——在座椅允许范围内尽量延长。
常见问题
- 儿童应后向乘坐多久？
- 尽量久——美国至少到 2 岁，瑞典常到约 4 岁。这能保护头颈。
- 何时可用增高垫代替五点式？
- 在前向五点式座椅坐满后，通常约 4 岁起，直到车辆安全带贴合（常到 8–12 岁或 145 厘米）。
- 各国规定真的不同吗？
- 是的，差异很大。身高门槛从 135 厘米（英国）到 150 厘米（德国、法国），后向预期从 15 个月到 4 岁不等。
- 儿童必须坐后排吗？
- 多数国家后排最安全且常对幼童法定要求；有些（如法国）若后排空着禁止 10 岁以下坐前排。